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/;7? 6lpsoh 4xdg (wkhuqhw 5hshdwhu ?e? l1 7$%/( 2) &217(176 3,1 $66,*10(176 $1' 6,*1$/ '(6&5,37,216 ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e 73 3ruw 6ljqdo 'hvfulswlrqv ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e $8, 3ruw 6ljqdo 'hvfulswlrqv??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e &rqwuro? 6wdwxv dqg 0lvfhoodqhrxv 6ljqdo 'hvfulswlrqv?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e ,qwhue5hshdwhu %dfnsodqh ?,5%? 6ljqdo 'hvfulswlrqv ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e 3rzhu 6xsso\ 6ljqdo 'hvfulswlrqv ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? )81&7,21$/ '(6&5,37,21?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,qwurgxfwlrq ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? e? ([whuqdo ,qwhuidfhv ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,qwhue5hshdwhu %dfnsodqh ?,5%??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,qwhuqdo 5hshdwhu &lufxlwu\ ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,qlwldol]dwlrq ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? %$6(e7 3ruw 2shudwlrq??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e $8, 3ruw 2shudwlrq?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e /(' 'lvsod\ ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e $33/,&$7,21 ,1)250$7,21 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e /d\rxw 5htxluhphqwv ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e 8qpdqdjhg +xe $ssolfdwlrq ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e 7\slfdo $ssolfdwlrq 6fkhpdwlf????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e 0djqhwlfv 5htxluhphqwv ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? 7(67 63(&,),&$7,216??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? $evroxwh 0d[lpxp 5dwlqjv ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? 5hfrpphqghg 2shudwlqj &rqglwlrqv ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,?2 (ohfwulfdo &kdudfwhulvwlfv ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? $8, (ohfwulfdo &kdudfwhulvwlfv?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? 73 (ohfwulfdo &kdudfwhulvwlfv ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,5% (ohfwulfdo &kdudfwhulvwlfv?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? 6zlwfklqj &kdudfwhulvwlfv ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e? ,5% 7lplqj &kdudfwhulvwlfv?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?e
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